Clinical findings and long-term managements of patients with amelogenesis imperfecta

The aim of this clinical case series is to present a diagnosis and different treatment methods of patients in different ages with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) as well as further treatments during a 3-6 years follow-up period. A number of 31 patients (16 female, 15 male with a mean age of 10.77 ± 2.65 years) with AI have been examined for the study group between 2007 and 2010 years. A detailed anamnesis was recorded, followed by a clinical and radiological assessment of oral health. The types of AI classified for each patient according to clinical and radiographic evaluation. The main complaints of patients, presence of dental caries and dental anomalies were noted. Necessary treatments had been planned for the individual cases of AI. A number of 19 patients had hypoplastic (HP) form, and 10 patients showed hypomaturation (HM) form of AI, while one patient showed hypocalcified form of AI and one patient had HM-HP form with taurodontism. Main complaints were chiefly related to dissatisfactory esthetics and dental sensitivity. Caries prevalence index was 93.5%. Mean decayed, missing, filling permanent teeth (DMF) and DMF surface (DMFS) were found as 2.74 ± 1.71 and 6.23 ± 3.99; df (decayed, filling primary teeth) and dfs (decayed, filling primary teeth surface) were found as 3.12 ± 2.85 and 5.24 ± 4.97, respectively. All patients received individual clinical care, including preventive, restorative, and prosthetic treatments. Patients have scheduled for regular follow-up in every 3 months. Composite restorations were used as the most common treatment (25 patients, 80.6%). The treatment plan should be based on patient's age, type of defects and individual needs of the patients. Necessary treatment plan is essential, not only due to functional and aesthetic reasons, but also for the positive psychological impact on young patients.